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TUOV

Triangular Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar

TUOV is a digital signature scheme derived from UOV. The scheme aims to correlate its security to a problem which can eventually be reduced to a heuristically challenging problem. Speciﬁcally, a Multivariate Quadratic (MQ) problem can be methodically reduced to align with the problem our TUOV scheme addresses.

TUOV has been submitted to NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Project, in response to NIST's Call for Additional Digital Signature Schemes for the PQC Standardization Process.

Design Rationale

The Triangular in the name TUOV refers to a triangular map (or, de Jonquiere map) as

Notice that the map can be efficiently invertible as

Recommended Parameter Sets

TUOV provides four sets of recommended parameters as follows, including two sets for NIST security level 1, one for NIST security level 3, and one for NIST security level 5.

Performances

The performances of TUOV instances on NIST PQC Reference Platform are summarized as follows. For comparison, we also provide the performances of Dilithium 2, 3 and 5.

The above are benchmarking results of AVX2 implementations of TUOV. The performance numbers are the median CPU cycles of 10000 executions each.

Advantages

The TUOV scheme demonstrates superior performance in terms of time eﬃciency and signature size.

Resources

The TUOV scheme has been submitted to the first round of NIST Additional Signatures.

The latest TUOV specification: here (last updated: June 1, 2023);
The latest TUOV KAT file: here (last updated: June 1, 2023);
The latest TUOV implementations: here.

Submitters

The TUOV submission is from the following team, listed in alphabetical order:

Jintai Ding
Boru Gong
Hao Guo
Xiaoou He
Yi Jin
Yuansheng Pan
Dieter Schmidt
Chengdong Tao
Danli Xie
Bo-Yin Yang
Ziyu Zhao

Contact Us

E-mail: tuovsig {at} gmail {dot} com

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